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路由器基本知识及应用实例(DOC格式)-第8部分
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5 Empty 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 Online 47 4 0 32 2 39
7 Empty 0 0 0 0 0 0
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show chassis fpc detail
Slot 0 information:
State Online
Temperature 26 degrees C / 78 degrees F
Total CPU DRAM 256 MB
Total SRAM 56 MB
Total SDRAM 1280 MB
Start time 1999…01…01 00:06:15 UTC
Uptime 5 days; 22 hours; 54 minutes; 45 seconds
Slot 1 information:
State Online
Temperature 24 degrees C / 75 degrees F
Total CPU DRAM 256 MB
Total SRAM 28 MB
Total SDRAM 640 MB
Start time 1999…01…01 00:06:15 UTC
Uptime 5 days; 22 hours; 54 minutes; 45 seconds
3。4。7路由引擎状态检测(SHOW CHASSIS ROUTING…ENGINE)
该命令提供系统管理员路由模块的工作状态/利用率:默认状态是SLOT0为主用;SLOT1为备用;可以通过以下命令将备用模块切换到主用状态:
REQUEST SYSTEM ROUTING…ENGINE MASTER
NOTE:应用该命令可直接导致转发数据中断一段时间(路由器重新确认主备关系的时间+路由协议重新收敛时间)
可以通过连接路由模块的仿真终端获得更多的诊断信息。在多数RE的返修案例中;很多是由于路由模块无法正常启动所至(内部FLASH或HARDDISK)损坏。
如何改变路由模块的启动顺序:可以通过仿真终端在路由模块启动时刻改变其启动顺序(默认为:外部FLASH……》内部FLASH……》内部HARDDISK)。当启动至BOOT:时可键入0:wd(1;a)kernel这样路由模块可从内部HARDDISK启动。
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show chassis routing…engine
Routing Engine status:
Slot 0:
Current state Master
Election priority Master
Temperature 34 degrees C / 93 degrees F
DRAM 2048 MB
Memory utilization 11 percent
CPU utilization:
User 1 percent
Background 0 percent
Kernel 5 percent
Interrupt 0 percent
Idle 94 percent
Model RE…3。0
Serial ID P10865704208
Start time 1999…01…01 00:04:43 UTC
Uptime 5 days; 22 hours; 56 minutes; 17 seconds
Load averages: 1 minute 5 minute 15 minute
0。00 0。03 0。01
Routing Engine status:
Slot 1:
Current state Backup
Election priority Backup
Temperature 34 degrees C / 93 degrees F
DRAM 2048 MB
Memory utilization 10 percent
CPU utilization:
User 0 percent
Background 0 percent
Kernel 0 percent
Interrupt 0 percent
Idle 100 percent
Model RE…3。0
Serial ID P10865704235
Start time 1999…01…01 00:04:38 UTC
Uptime 5 days; 22 hours; 56 minutes; 44 seconds
3。4。8流量检测(MONITER INTERFACE)
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 monitor interface ge…6/2/0
BJ…BB1…T640 Seconds: 6 Time: 15:06:27
Interface: ge…6/2/0; Enabled; Link is Up
Encapsulation: Ethernet; Speed: 1000mbps
Traffic statistics: Current Delta
Input bytes: 26065704859449 (171539808 bps) '133893956'
Output bytes: 19680315293139 (122794288 bps) '95029764'
Input packets: 59446094571 (41530 pps) '258510'
Output packets: 83154619939 (55791 pps) '342680'
Error statistics:
Input errors: 5748203 '32'
Input drops: 0 '0'
Input framing errors: 18497234 '140'
Policed discards: 19426 '0'
L3 inpletes: 4 '0'
L2 channel errors: 0 '0'
Packet error count 0 '0'
Next='n'; Quit='q' or ESC; Freeze='f'; Thaw='t'; Clear='c'; Interface='I
MONITER INTERFACE TRAFFIC
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 monitor interface traffic
Interface Input packets (pps) Output packets (pps)
so…1/1/0 44965075403 (37032) 42886893851 (34090)
so…1/2/0 32871638564 (30466) 32646361968 (31110)
so…2/0/0 8071848119 (6241) 7306889201 (6108)
so…2/2/0 5644860 (1) 17907151865 (20310)
so…5/0/0 0 (0) 0 (0)
so…5/1/0 259546630420 (222506) 310661965027 (248599)
so…5/2/0 0 (0) 0 (0)
so…6/0/0 0 (0) 0 (0)
so…6/0/1 0 (0) 0 (0)
so…6/0/2 0 (0) 0 (0)
so…6/0/3 0 (0) 0 (0)
at…6/1/0 122988071027 (96408) 95565229614 (81861)
ge…6/2/0 59442902638 (42859) 83150387428 (55533)
ge…6/3/0 43416254852 (30289) 1934183 (4)
fxp0 0 0
fxp1 91110643 79525906
fxp2 13632685 2146543
gre 0 0
Bytes=b; Clear=c; Delta=d; Packets=p; Quit=q or ESC; Rate=r; Up=^U; Down=^D
前者用于实时观察某一个指定物理端口(4。4版本可以对逻辑端口进行观察)的数据流(如OUTPUT BYTES/INPUT BYTES等)后者用于实时观察设备中所有端口流量(简化输出)
3。4。9系统日志
通过配置;系统在MESSAGE和CHASSISD默认文件中分别记录系统软件/硬件上发生的事件;通过观察此文档中的错误或告警信息;可以判断故障点。
SHOW LOG MESSAGE
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show log messages
Jul 3 08:00:00 BJ…BB1…T640 newsyslog'7608': logfile turned over
Jul 3 13:35:43 BJ…BB1…T640 inetd'314': /usr/libexec/telnetd'7619': exit status
0x100
Jul 3 13:35:57 BJ…BB1…T640 inetd'314': /usr/libexec/telnetd'7620': exit status
0x100
Jul 3 22:48:49 BJ…BB1…T640 chassisd'305': CHASSISD_BLOWERS_SPEED: blowers now
running at normal speed
Jul 3 22:49:10 BJ…BB1…T640 chassisd'305': CHASSISD_BLOWERS_SPEED: blowers bein
g set to full speed 'system warm'
Jul 3 23:54:37 BJ…BB1…T640 chassisd'305': CHASSISD_BLOWERS_SPEED: blowers now
running at normal speed
Jul 3 23:54:57 BJ…BB1…T640 chassisd'305': CHASSISD_BLOWERS_SPEED: blowers bein
g set to full speed 'system warm'
Jul 4 00:16:20 BJ…BB1…T640 chassisd'305': CHASSISD_BLOWERS_SPEED: blowers now
running at normal speed
SHOW LOG CHASSISD
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show log chassisd
Jun 18 22:13:50 send profile config sfm 3 CMD=206 fpc 5 prof 2 cnt 1 100;100 0;0
0;0
Jun 18 22:13:50 send precedence config sfm 3 CMD=207 fpc 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
3
Jun 18 22:13:50 send profile config sfm 3 CMD=206 fpc 6 prof 0 cnt 1 100;100 0;0
0;0
Jun 18 22:13:50 send profile config sfm 3 CMD=206 fpc 6 prof 1 cnt 1 100;100 0;0
0;0
Jun 18 22:13:50 send profile config sfm 3 CMD=206 fpc 6 prof 2 cnt 1 100;100 0;0
0;0
Jun 18 22:13:50 send precedence config sfm 3 CMD=207 fpc 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
3
Jun 18 22:14:33 rcv: ipc_dispatch_m160() null ipc read for args 0x91110 pipe 0xa
52c0
Jun 18 22:14:33 cleaning up sfm 3 connection
Jun 18 22:14:33 CMB cmd to SPP 3 '0xeb'; Blue LED Off '0x16'
Jun 18 22:14:33 SPP 3 Blue LED Off
Jun 18 22:14:33 send: fpc 1; sfm 3 offline
Jun 18 22:14:33 send: fpc 2; sfm 3 offline
Jun 18 22:14:33 send: fpc 5; sfm 3 offline
Jun 18 22:14:33 send: fpc 6; sfm 3 offline
Jun 18 22:14:33 fpc 1; sfm 3 offline ack
Jun 18 22:14:33 fpc 1; sfm 3 offline ack; online 0x66 online…acks 0x2
Jun 18 22:14:33 fpc 6; sfm 3 offline ack
Jun 18 22:14:33 fpc 6; sfm 3 offline ack; online 0x66 online…acks 0x42
3。4。10系统/路由协议相关(SHOW CHASSIS CRAFT…INTERFACE)
(*号代表相应指示灯点亮状态)通过软件命令远端获得设备面板运行状态。
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show chassis craft…interface
FPM Display contents:
+……………………………………………………+
|AXI520E…a…zs1 |
|Up: 49+08:33 |
| |
|Fans OK |
+……………………………………………………+
Front Panel System LEDs:
Host 0 1
………………………………………………………………
OK * *
Fail 。 。
Master * 。
Front Panel Alarm Indicators:
……………………………………………………………………………
Red LED 。
Yellow LED 。
Major relay 。
Minor relay 。
Front Panel FPC LEDs:
FPC 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
………………………………………………………………………………………………
Red 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。
Green 。 * * 。 。 。 * 。
MCS; SFM; and PCG LEDs:
MCS 0 1 SFM 0 1 2 3 PCG 0 1
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Amber 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。
Green * 。 * * * * * *
3。4。11 查看系统使用状况
SHOW TASK MEMORY若发现'AVAILABLE'MEMORY非常少;表明系统负载过重;系统可能出现MEMORYLEAKING现象;须进一步加以诊断。
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show task memory
Memory Size (kB) %Available When
Currently In Use: 13623 1% now
Maximum Ever Used: 13775 1% 01/07/06 12:32:03
Available: 759964 100% now
SHOW SYSTEM BUFFER用于观察系统内部路由引擎使用缓存状态(此缓存用于处理针对路由器本身的数据包如路由协议更新等)。
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show system buffers
893 mbufs in use:
1 mbufs allocated to packet headers
51 mbufs allocated to protocol control blocks
35 mbufs allocated to socket names and addresses
1 mbufs allocated to socket options
17 mbufs allocated to socket send data
400 mbufs allocated to pfe refill data
388 mbufs allocated to fxp data
788/1396 mbuf clusters in use
2903 Kbytes allocated to network (58% in use)
0 requests for memory denied
0 requests for memory delayed
0 calls to protocol drain routines
SHOW SYSTEM PROCESSES观察路由器内部各软件模块运行状态。在实际使用中;由于配置需要或系统工作不稳定出现RPD进程消失。(直接现象是用SHOWROUTE观察路由表;系统提示重启;此时路由器需要进行下电重启)
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show system processes extensive
last pid: 8105; load averages: 0。07; 0。04; 0。00 14:13:46
54 processes: 1 running; 53 sleeping
Mem: 59M Active; 4724K Inact; 21M Wired; 8350K Buf; 669M Free
Swap: 768M Total; 64K Used; 768M Free
PID USERNAME PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME WCPU CPU MAND
305 root 2 0 976K 1352K select 288:53 0。27% 0。27% chassisd
8105 root 31 0 616K 776K RUN 0:00 0。00% 0。00% top
8102 root 2 0 756K 2908K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% mgd
4 root 28 0 0K 12K update 3:00 0。00% 0。00% update
3 root 28 0 0K 12K psleep 0:00 0。00% 0。00% vmdaemon
523 root 18 0 296K 564K pause 0:00 0。00% 0。00% csh
526 root 18 0 296K 560K pause 0:00 0。00% 0。00% csh
448 root 18 0 296K 560K pause 0:00 0。00% 0。00% csh
446 zj2000 18 0 280K 552K pause 0:00 0。00% 0。00% csh
262 root 18 0 332K 516K pause 0:11 0。00% 0。00% cron
317 root 18 0 136K 380K pause 0:13 0。00% 0。00% tnp。sntpd
34 root 10 0 768M 24064K mfsidl 0:00 0。00% 0。00% mount_mfs
454 root 10 0 556K 1008K wait 0:01 0。00% 0。00% cli
440 zj2000 10 0 496K 988K wait 0:00 0。00% 0。00% cli
1 root 10 0 436K 676K wait 0:00 0。00% 0。00% init
522 root 10 0 252K 608K wait 0:00 0。00% 0。00% sh
445 zj2000 10 0 252K 608K wait 0:00 0。00% 0。00% sh
324 root 3 0 184K 548K ttyin 0:00 0。00% 0。00% getty
322 root 3 0 184K 548K ttyin 0:00 0。00% 0。00% getty
325 root 3 0 184K 548K ttyin 0:00 0。00% 0。00% getty
323 root 3 0 184K 548K ttyin 0:00 0。00% 0。00% getty
1918 root 2 0 16020K 15512K select 209:47 0。00% 0。00% rpd
535 root 2 0 1056K 3912K sbwait 0:00 0。00% 0。00% mgd
455 root 2 0 756K 3076K sbwait 0:01 0。00% 0。00% mgd
444 root 2 0 748K 2996K sbwait 0:00 0。00% 0。00% mgd
309 root 2 0 712K 2472K select 0:05 0。00% 0。00% mgd
311 root 2 0 884K 1264K select 3:52 0。00% 0。00% mib2d
310 root 2 0 812K 1180K select 3:14 0。00% 0。00% snmpd
303 root 2 0 804K 1064K select 0:16 0。00% 0。00% dcd
8101 zj2000 2 0 496K 1016K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% cli
534 root 2 0 492K 864K select 0:12 0。00% 0。00% cli
315 root 2 0 640K 832K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% apsd
319 root 2 0 512K 808K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% sampled
316 root 2 0 596K 796K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% vrrpd
681 root 2 0 340K 792K select 178:43 0。00% 0。00% ifmon
320 root 2 0 484K 764K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% aprobed
306 root 2 0 408K 752K select 5:23 0。00% 0。00% alarmd
308 root 2 …12 368K 744K select 3:50 0。00% 0。00% xntpd
321 root 2 0 376K 716K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% ilmid
318 root 2 0 284K 636K select 1:01 0。00% 0。00% pfed
307 root 2 0 260K 616K select 56:14 0。00% 0。00% craftd
8100 root 2 0 212K 580K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% telnetd
314 root 2 0 212K 560K select 0:01 0。00% 0。00% inetd
302 root 2 0 196K 528K select 0:00 0。00% 0。00% tnetd
193 root 2 0 204K 512K select 0:11 0。00% 0。00% syslogd
301 root 2 0 140K 332K select 0:10 0。00% 0。00% watchdog
343 root 2 0 0K 12K pfesyn 0:00 0。00% 0。00% if_pfe_resync
344 root 2 0 0K 12K pfesyn 0:00 0。00% 0。00% if_pfe_resync
5 root 2 0 0K 12K pfeacc 0:00 0。00% 0。00% if_pfe_listen
342 root 2 0 0K 12K pfesyn 0:00 0。00% 0。00% if_pfe_resync
6 root 2 0 0K 12K pfesel 28:45 0。00% 0。00% if_pfe
348 root 2 0 0K 12K pfesyn 0:00 0。00% 0。00% if_pfe_resync
2 root …18 0 0K 12K psleep 0:00 0。00% 0。00% pagedaemon
0 root …18 0 0K 0K sched 0:02 0。00% 0。00% swapper
其他系统维护常用命令:
SHOW SYSTEM USER
SHOW SYSTEM CONNECTION
SHOW SYSTEM STATISTICS|NO…MORE
SHOW PFE STATISTICS TRAFFIC
SHOW PFE STATISTICS IP ICMP
3。4。12 路由及2层MPLS状态信息的常用维护命令
show route summary ……查看当前路由表汇总信息
noc2004@BJ…BB1…T640》 show route summary
Router ID: 211。94。62。1
inet。0: 27 destinations; 42
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